ABSTRACT
Objective: To assess the relationship between maternal UTI during pregnancy and neonatal UTI
Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study included eighty neonates referred to Ali-e-Asghar Hospital, Tehran, Iran, in 2011. The participants were divided into the study [with diagnosis of UTI; n = 40] and the control [without this type of infection; n = 40] groups. The mothers were asked about the history of UTI during pregnancy, and if the response was positive, the trimester in which UTI had occurred. Urinalysis and urine culture were carried out for all neonates
Results: Overall, 14.9% of neonates had mothers with a positive history of UTI during their pregnancy [4.4%, 6.1%, and 4.4% during the 1[st], 2[nd], and 3[rd] trimesters, respectively]. A significant relationship was detected between the occurrence of UTI in neonates and maternal UTI, so that the overall prevalence of UTI among neonates of affected mothers was significantly higher than that observed among non-infected mothers [30.0% versus 6.8%; p = 0.001]. Maternal UTI resulted in 5.9-fold increased risk of neonatal UTI. In UTI group, the most common bacterial etiologies of UTI were Escherichia coli [65.9%], followed by Klebsiella [14.6%] and Staphylococci [9.8%]
Conclusion: Our findings confirmed the association between the history of UTI in mother and occurrence of UTI in neonate, emphasizing to pay more attention for assessing and managing UTI in neonates in order to reduce the related complications
ABSTRACT
Background: Infection with group B streptococcus [GBS] can present with respiratory distress, Pneumonia, meningitis and Osteomyelitis in neonates. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of GBS colonization in trachea of intubated neonates
Methods: This observational analytic study was performed upon 33 intubated neonates due to respiratory distress in neonatal intensive care unit [NICU] Rasoul Hospital in Tehran, Iran during 2010-2012. Tracheal secretions cultured upon TODD-HEWITT BROTH and sheep blood agar 5%., chi-square test was used for compare the qualitative variables. P<0.05 was considered meaningful
Results: Three cases had positive streptococcal culture [9.1%] and four cases had posi-tive culture for non-streptococcal organisms. no meaningful relation observed between positive GBS culture and neonatal gender, kind of delivery, PROM
Conclusion: Prevalence of GBS positive results [9%] in present study is very close to GBS colonization in pregnant women although the higher colonization rate of pregnant women are expected
ABSTRACT
Deposition of bilirubin in neurons causes permanent neuronal injury. Bilirubin exhibits an affinity for the phospholipids of plasma membrane like N-methyl-D-aspartate [NMDA] receptors. Magnesium is an NMDA antagonist and it acts against the neurotoxic effects of bilirubin. We compared pre-and post-phototherapy serum magnesium level of neonates with hyperbilirubinemia to find the best time of discharge and evaluate new management techniques such as magnesium supplementation. In this semi-experimental study, we evaluated neonates admitted in Ali Asghar Children's Hospital in Tehran, Iran with signs of icter from 2009 to 2010. The inclusion criteria included age less than four weeks, no history of magnesium sulfate administration in the mother and absence of sepsis. From 106 patients with icter, 50.9% were male and 49.1% were female neonates. Their mean gestational age was 37.34?1.286 [33-41] weeks and the mean birth weight was 3172.12?436.936 [2022-4300] grams. The frequency of underlying causes of hyperbillirubinemia included: ABO mismatch 9.34%, Rh incompatibility 4.7%, breastfeeding 16% and breast milk 44.3%. There was a significant difference [P?0.001] between serum magnesium levels before [2.24mg/dl] and after phototherapy [2.12mg/dl]. There were no significant differences between serum magnesium values in the two sexes [male=2.28, female=2.19], among different gestational age groups [<34 wks=2.35, 35-37 wks=2.27,>38 wks=2.17], between different birth weight groups [1500-2500 g=2.4 and>2500 g=2.23] or severity of hyperbilirubinemia [mild=2.23, moderate=2.21 and severe=2.29]. Phototherapy decreases the total magnesium concentration and magnesium administration will prevent bilirubin neurotoxicity in icteric neonates
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Jaundice, Neonatal , Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal , PhototherapyABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors which predispose to the development of high grade IVH [grade 3 and 4] in very low birth weight infants. In a retrospective case control clinical study files of all premature infants with birth weights less than 1500 grams admitted between April 2004 and Oct 2005 to the neonatal intensive care unit of Akbar Abadi hospital in Tehran were reviewed. 39 infants with IVH grade 3 and 4 were identified. A control group of 82 VLBW infants matched for gestational age and birth weight were selected. Prenatal data, delivery characteristics, neonatal course data and reports of cranial ultrasonography were carefully collected for both groups. Those variables that achieved significance [p<0.05] in univariate analysis entered to multivariate logistic regression analysis. A total of 325 VLBW infants were evaluated. Mortality rate was 21.5%. Of the remaining the incidence of high grade IVH was 15.5%. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that following factors are associated with greater risk of high grade IVH occurrence: Low gestational age [OR: 3.72; 95% CI: 1.65-8.38], low birth weight [OR: 3.42; 95% CI: 1.65-8.38], low Apgar score at 5 minute [OR:1.58; 95% CI:1.59-6.32], hyaline membrane disease [HMD, OR: 3.16; 95% CI: 1.42-7.45] and maternal tocolytic therapy with magnesium sulfate [OR: 4.40; 95% CI: 1.10-24.5]. Our results showed that maternal tocolytic therapy, mechanical ventilation, low gestational age, low birth weight, apnea, and low 5 minute Apgar score increased the risk of major IVH